The ICG (Indocyanine Green) series comprises clinically proven NIR fluorophores (λex/em ~780/820 nm) optimized for deep-tissue visualization. These tricarbocyanine dyes demonstrate exceptional tissue penetration (up to 10 cm) with minimal autofluorescence interference, making them indispensable for:

• Real-time surgical navigation (FDA-approved for angiography)
• Lymphatic mapping with high spatial resolution
• Dynamic organ function assessment (hepatic clearance studies)

Key features include:

• Rapid plasma protein binding for enhanced biodistribution
• Excellent aqueous stability in physiological conditions
• Dual imaging/therapeutic capabilities (e.g., photothermal therapy)
   

With established safety profiles and versatile conjugation chemistry, ICG derivatives are transforming precision medicine applications from oncology to cardiovascular imaging.